E - F
Last updated
Last updated
Disclaimer: The information provided on this page is strictly for informational purposes and is not to be construed as advice or solicitation to buy or sell any security. Please see our Risk Disclosure and Performance Disclaimer Statement.
How to access the studies in MotiveWave:
Go to the top menu, choose Study>Study Group>Study Name
or Go to the top menu, choose Study>All Studies> Start typing in the study name until you see it appear in the list> Click on the study name> Click OK.
The Ease Of Movement Indicator, developed by Richard W Arms, uses highs, lows and volume in its calculation. Adjustable guides are given to fine-tune the trading signals. The user may change the method (EMA), period length and guide values. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
Adjust the top and bottom guides to control the quantity and quality of the trading signals. If the EM has peaked above the top guide a sell signal will be generated. Conversely, if the EM has troughed below the bottom guide a buy signal will be given. The 0 line divides the bulls (above) from the bears (below).
//method = moving average (user defined, default is EMA) //index = current bar number //prevP = previousPrice //MT = more than //LT = less than //ma = moving average
Ehlers Filter (EF) was authored, not surprisingly, by John Ehlers. The EF uses current prices, prior prices (determined by momentum length) and their difference over a time period to calculate its value. The user may change the input (close), period and momentum length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
Click here for more information on Ehlers Filter.
Ehlers Filter is a trend indicator and may be used in conjunction with other studies. No trading signals are calculated.
//input = price, user defined, default is closing price //period = p1 = user defined, default is 20 //momentum length = p2 = user defined, default is 5 //index = current bar number, LOE = less or equal
Ehlers Filter Distance Coeff (EFDC) was authored, not surprisingly, by John Ehlers. The EFDC uses current prices, prior prices and their difference over a time period to calculate its value. The user may change the input (close) and period length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
Click here for more information on Ehlers Filter Distance Coeff
Ehlers Filter Distance Coeff is a trend indicator and may be used in conjunction with other studies. No trading signals are calculated.
//input = price, user defined, default is closing price //period = p1 = user defined, default is 20 index = current bar number, LOE = less or equal
Elders Force Index (FORCE) was authored, not surprisingly by Alexander Elder. Elder first forms a raw force from the volume times the current price minus the previous price. The FORCE is then created by an exponential moving average (EMA) of the raw force, and plotted as a multi-colored histogram. A signal line which is an EMA of the FORCE is also displayed. The user may change the input (close), method (EMA) and period lengths. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Elders Force Index
If the FORCE is above the middle guide and the MA is falling a sell signal is generated. Conversely, if the FORCE is below the middle guide and the MA is rising a buy signal is given.
Calculation
//method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //period1 = p1, user defined, default is 2 //period2 = p2, user defined, default is 13 //prev = previous, index = current bar number
Elder Ray Bear Power was authored by Alexander Elder. Elder Ray Bear Power should be used with Elder Ray Bull Power. The Elder Ray Bear Power is the current low added to the exponential moving average of the midpoint price for a 13-bar period. The user may change the input (midpoint), method (EMA) and period length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Elder Ray Bear Power
Elder Ray Bear Power should be used with Elder Ray Bull Power. If the bear troughs below the mid guide and the ma is rising a buy signal is given.
//input = price, user defined, default is midpoint //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //period = user defined, default is 13 //index = current bar number
Elder Ray Bull Power was authored by Alexander Elder. Elder Ray Bull Power should be used with Elder Ray Bear Power. The Elder Ray Bull Power is the current high added to the exponential moving average of the midpoint price for a 13-bar period. The user may change the input (midpoint), method (EMA) and period length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Elder Ray Bull Power
Elder Ray Bull Power should be used with Elder Ray Bear Power. If the bull peaks above the mid guide and the ma is falling a sell signal is given.
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is midpoint //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //period = user defined, default is 13 //index = current bar number
The Elder Ray Index (ERI) was authored by Alexander Elder. The ERI should be used with Elder’s Bear and Bull Power studies. The ERI is the the exponential moving average of the midpoint price for a 13 bar period. The user may change the input (midpoint), method (EMA) and period length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
See also Elders Bull Power See also Elders Bear Power
How To Trade Using Elders Bear Power
The Elder Ray Index should be used with Elder’s Bear and Bull Power studies. Keep the inputs, methods and period lengths the same for all studies. If the MA is rising and the bear troughs below the mid guide a buy signal is generated. Conversely, if the ma is falling and the bull peaks above the mid guide a sell signal is given.
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is midpoint //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //period = user defined, default is 13 //index = current bar number
Elders Safezone Stops (ESSS) was authored, not surprisingly by Alexander Elder. ESSS identifies stop-loss exit points for long and short positions. Optional entry points are also displayed. The user may change the position (long), input (close), method (EMA), period lengths, look back, factor and show entry option. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Elders Safezone Stops
Elders Safezone Stops are designed to aid in stop loss exit decisions. However, entry points are optionally provided. These are based on five consecutive increases in an uptrend (buy) or five consecutive decreases in a downtrend (sell).
Calculation
//position = pos, user defined, default is long //input = price, user defined, default is close //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //period1 = p1, user defined, default is 63 //period2 = p2, user defined, default is 22 //period3 = p3, user defined, default is 3 //look back = lb, user defined, default is 5 //factor = fac, user defined, default is 2.5 //show entry = showE, user defined boolean, default is false //index = current bar number, prev = previous //LOE = less or equal, MOE = more or equal //shortP = short position, longP = long position
Elders Thermometer (THER) was authored, not surprisingly by Alexander Elder. The THER is the highest absolute difference of either, the previous low minus the current low or, the current high minus the previous high. The THER is plotted as a tri-colored histogram; and a signal line which is an exponential moving average of the THER is also displayed. User-defined buy and sell factors are provided to further control the trading signals. The user may change the method (EMA), period length and buy-sell factors. This indicator’s definition is more distinctly expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
Adjust the buy and sell factors to control the quantity and quality of the trading signals. If the THER is more than MA times sellFac a sell signal is generated. Conversely, if the THER is less than the MA times buyFac a buy signal is given.
Calculation
//method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //period = user defined, default is 20 //buy factor = buyFac, user defined, default is 2 //sell factor = sellFac, user defined, default is .5 //index = current bar number
The Elastic Volume Weighted Moving Average is a trend indicator that uses average volume in its moving average calculation. The user may change the input (close), multiplier and period length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Elastic Volume Weighted Moving Average
The EVWMA may be used in conjunction with other indicators as a trend indicator. No trading signals are calculated.
Calculation
//method = moving average (ma) user defined, default is SMA //input = price (user defined, default is closing price) //mult = user input, default 20 //period = user input, default 40 //index = current bar number, avVol = average volume //prevE = previousEVWMA
The Ergodic MACD was authored by William Blau. The MACD plot is the difference between a fast and a slow exponential moving average (EMA). A signal line which is an EMA of the MACD is also plotted. Adjustable guides are given to fine-tune the trading signals. The user may change the input (close), method and period lengths. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Ergodic MACD
Adjust the top and bottom guides to control the quantity and quality of the trading signals. If the MACD is above the top guide and crosses below the SIG a sell signal will be generated. Conversely, if the MACD is below the bottom guide and crosses above the SIG a buy signal will be given. The 0 line divides the bulls above from the bears below.
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is closing price //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //period1 = user defined, default is 32 //period2 = user defined, default is 5 //period3 = user defined, default is 5 //sig = signal, index = current bar number
The Elliott Wave Oscillator (EWO) is the difference of, a 34 and a 5 period, simple moving average (SMA). It illustrates what’s happening to the market driving force at the present moment. The user may change the input (Midpoint), method (SMA) and period lengths. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Elliott Wave Oscillator
No trading signals are calculated for this indicator.
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is Midpoint //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is SMA //slowPeriod = user defined, default is 34 //fastPeriod = user defined, default is 5 //index = current bar number //MT= more than, LT= less than
Envelopes are formed with two moving averages, one shifted upward and the other shifted downward. Envelopes define the upper and lower margins of a price range. They are calculated as follows: Upper Band = SMA(CLOSE, N) * [1 + DEVIATION] Lower Band = SMA(CLOSE,N) * [1 - DEVIATION]. The user may change input (close), method (SMA), period, shift and deviation values. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Envelopes
No trading signals are calculated for this indicator.
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is close //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is SMA //period = user defined, default is 14 //shift = user defined, default is 0 //deviation = user defined, default is 1 //LT = less than, LOE = less or equal
The Ergodic Mean Deviation Indicator (EMDI) was authored by William Blau. The EMDI uses price and an exponential moving average (EMA) difference, as fodder for further EMA’s which culminate in its oscillator and signal values. The user may alter the input (close), methods (EMAs) and period lengths. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Ergodic Mean Deviation Ind
A sell signal is generated when the EMDI crosses below the signal line. Conversely, a buy signal is given when the EMDI crosses above the signal line.
//input = price, user defined, default is close //period1 = user input, default is 32 //period2 = user input, default is 5 //period3 = user input, default is 5 //sPeriod = user input, default is 5 //method1 = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //method2 = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //sig = signal, index = current bar number
Ergodic True Strength Index (ETSI) was authored by William Blau. The ETSI uses price and previous price, with differences and absolute differences, in a series of exponential moving averages (EMA’s) to arrive at its ergodic oscillator value. A signal line which is an EMA of itself is also given. The user may alter the input (close), method (EMA) and period lengths. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Ergodic True Strength Index
Although a signal line is plotted, no trading signals are calculated for this indicator.
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is close //period1 = user input, default is 4 //period2 = user input, default is 8 //period3 = user input, default is 6 //sPeriod = user input, default is 3 //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //prev = previous, index = current bar number
Ergodic TSI2 (ETSI2) was authored by William Blau. The ETSI2 uses price and previous price, with differences and absolute differences, in a series of exponential moving averages (EMA’s) to arrive at its ergodic oscillator values. A signal line which is an EMA of ESTI is also given. The user may alter the input (close), method (EMA) and period lengths. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
See also the Ergodic True Strength Index.
Although a signal line is plotted, no trading signals are calculated for this indicator.
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is close //period1 = user input, default is 21 //period2 = user input, default is 9 //period3 = user input, default is 9 //period4 = user input, default is 17 //period5 = user input, default is 6 //period6 = user input, default is 2 //sPeriod = user input, default is 2 //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is EMA //prev = previous, abs = absolute value //index = current bar number
Exponential Moving Average (EMA) is a type of weighted moving average where the weighting factors decrease exponentially. The user may change the input (close), period length and shift number. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
Click here for more information.
The Exponential Moving Average is a lagging trend indicator and may be used in conjunction with other studies. No trading signals are calculated.
//input = price, user defined, default is close //period = user defined, default is 20 //shift = user defined, default is 0 //ema = exponential moving average //index = current bar number
Fast And Slow Kurtosis (FSK) was authored by U. Jenson for Omega Research. The FSK uses Momentum, previous Momentum and previous FSK (feedback) along with a percentage factor to plot its value. A signal line, which is a weighted moving average of itself, is also given. The user may change the input (close), method (WMA) and period length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Fast And Slow Kurtosis
If the FSK crosses below the signal line a sell signal will be generated. Conversely, if the FSK crosses above the signal line a buy signal will be given.
Calculation
//input = price (user defined, default is closing price) //method = moving average (user defined, default is WMA) //period = user defined, default is 3 //prev = previous, index = current bar number
Fast And Slow RSI (FSRSI) was authored by U. Jenson for Omega Research, 1997. First, the FSRSI calculates the Fast and Slow Kurtosis (FSK) using Momentum, previous Momentum and previous FSK (feedback) along with a percentage factor. Next, the FSRSI uses the FSK and the Relative Strength Index for the final calculation. A signal line, which is a weighted moving average of itself, is also given. The user may change the input (close), method (WMA) and period lengths. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
See also Fast And Slow Kurtosis
If the FSRSI crosses below the signal line a sell signal will be generated. Conversely, if the FSRSI crosses above the signal line a buy signal will be given.
Calculation
//input = price (user defined, default is closing price) //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is WMA //period1 = user defined, default is 3 //period2 = user defined, default is 6 //period3 = user defined, default is 9 //period4 = user defined, default is 6 //prev = previous, rsi = Relative Strength Index //index = current bar number
Fast And Slow Stochastics (FSST) was authored by U. Jenson for Omega Research, 1997. First, the FSST calculates the Fast and Slow Kurtosis (FSK) using Momentum, previous Momentum and previous FSK (feedback) along with a percentage factor. Next, the FSST uses the FSK and Stochastics for the final calculation. A signal line, which is a weighted moving average of itself, is also given. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
See also Fast And Slow Kurtosis
How To Trade Using Fast And Slow ST
Although a signal line is plotted, no signals are currently calculated for this indicator.
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is closing price //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is WMA //period1 = user defined, default is 3 //period2 = user defined, default is 6 //period3 = user defined, default is 9 //period4 = user defined, default is 9 //prev = previous, stochK = Stochastis fast K //index = current bar number
The Fibonacci Lucas Time Series Indicator was authored by Andrew Coles in the Stocks And Commodities Magazine in August 2012. In addition, a Moving Average is provided to aid the user in selecting an entry point. This indicator displays possible exit points based on Fibonacci and Lucas numbers, calculated as the number of bars from the chosen entry point. The user may change the entry point date and time (year, month, day, hour, minute), the input (close), method for Moving Average (EMA) and period length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using the Fibonacci Lucas Time Series Indicator
Choose an appropriate entry point; a Moving Average is provided to aid in this choice. Possible exit points are calculated and displayed based on Fibonacci and Lucas numbers since the entry date.
Calculation
//Year = entry time, user defined, default is 2012 //Month = entry time, user defined, default is 9 //Day = entry time day of month, user defined, default is 10 //Hour = entry time (0-24), user defined, default is 10 //Minute = entry time, user defined, default is 0 //input = price, user defined, default is close //method = moving average, user defined, default is EMA //period = user defined, default is 21 //index = current bar number
The author of Fibonacci Retrace (FR) is unknown. Leonardo Fibonacci was an Italian mathematician who dealt with number sequences. The retrace factor in this calculation is derived from the Fibonacci number series. The FR applies the highest highs minus lowest lows times the retrace factor, to an exponential moving average to produce an upper and lower band. The user may change the method (EMA), input (close), period lengths and retrace factor. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Fibonacci Retrace
No trading signals are calculated for this indicator.
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is closing price //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is WMA //period1 = user defined, default is 15 //period2 = user defined, default is 50 //retfac = retrace factor, user defined, default is .382
The Fisher Transform was presented by John Ehlers in the Stocks and Commodity Magazine, November 2002. It assumes that price distributions behave like square waves. The Fisher Transform uses the mid-point or median price in a series of calculations to produce an oscillator. A signal line which is a previous value of itself is also displayed. Adjustable guides are also given to fine-tune the signals. The user may change the input (midpoint), period lengths and guide values. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Fisher Transform
Adjust the top and bottom guides to control the quantity and quality of the trading signals. The Fisher Transform has a range of +1 to -1. In addition to the adjustable guides, if the fisher crosses the signal line a change in trend is predicted. If the Fisher is above the top guide and crosses below the signal line a sell signal will be generated. Conversely, if the Fisher is below the bottom guide and crosses above the signal line a buy signal will be given. The 0 line divides the bulls (above) from the bears (below).
//input = price user defined, default is midpoint or median //period1 = user defined, default is 10 //period2 = user defined, default is 2 //prev = previous, index = current bar number //LT = less than //MT = more than
The Fisher Transform Stochastic Oscillator was authored by Sylvain Vervoort in the Stocks and Commodities Magazine, Oct 2011. The oscillator is formed first from a multi-layered Weighted Moving Average, which is then used as the base for the Stochastic calculation. This value (RBWS) is then plied with factors and constants to produce the oscillator (FTSO). The user may change the input (close), method (WMA), period lengths and guide values. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using the Fisher Transform Stochastic Oscillator
Adjust the top and bottom guides to control the quantity and quality of the trading signals. FTSO values above 70 to 80 are considered to be overbought and therefore offer an opportunity to sell. FTSO values below 30 to 20 are considered oversold and present an opportunity to buy. If the FTSO crosses above the top guide a sell signal will be generated. Conversely, if the FTSO crosses below the bottom guide a buy signal will be given. The 50 line divides the bulls above from the bears below
Calculation
//input = price, user defined, default is closing price //method = moving average (ma), user defined, default is WMA //averagePeriod = user defined, default is 2 //stochasticPeriod = user defined, default is 30 //smoothPeriod = user defined, default is 5 //index = current bar number
The Force Index (FI) was authored by Alexander Elder. The FI is a price/volume oscillator that may be used to determine if a trend is strengthening or weakening. The user may change only the period length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Force Index
No trading signals are calculated for this indicator.
Calculation
//period = user defined, default is 13 //prev = previous, ema = exponential moving average //index = current bar number
Fractal was authored by Bill Williams. Fractal is a technical indicator where, in a series of at least 5 bars, the highest high (or lowest low) is in the middle, and two lower highs (or higher lows) are on both sides. The fractal indicator is often used in conjunction with the Alligator. The user may change only the strength value. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
How To Trade Using Fractal
Fractal may be used with the Alligator study. Signals are given according to the rules above.
//strength = user defined, default is 2 //MT = more than, LT = less than //MOR= more or equal, LOR= less or equal
Fractal Adaptive Moving Average (FRAMA) was authored by John Ehlers. The FRAMA averages the differences of the highest highs and lowest lows over different parts of the period length. These values are mathematically massaged with boolean questions, natural logarithms and Euler’s numbers, and, with some feedback from the former FRAMA, the current FRAMA is finally formed. The user may change the input (midpoint) and period length. This indicator’s definition is further expressed in the condensed code given in the calculation below.
See also article by John Ehlers
How To Trade Using Fractal Adaptive Moving Average
Fractal Adaptive Moving Average is a trend indicator and may be used in conjunction with other studies. No trading signals are calculated.
//input = price, user defined, default is midpoint //period = p1 = user defined, default is 20 //exp = function, returns Euler’s number (e) raised to power of its argument //log = function, returns natural logarithm of its argument //index = current bar number, prev = previous
